Safe to Plant

Endive · Korolev, Moscow Oblast, Russia

When to plant endive in Korolev

Main outdoor window

24 Apr - 15 May

The window this page is built around.

Timed from last spring frost

3 May

In Korolev, on your chosen risk.

Ready to pick

1 Aug - 30 Nov

If you plant at the start of the window.

The average last frost. Half of all years are later than this.

Held back by cold soil. Frost is finished by about 19 Apr here, but endive will not get going until the soil reaches 7°C (44.6°F), and in Korolev that is around 24 April. The dates above use the later of the two, because sowing into cold soil rots seed rather than gaining you time.

Step by step in Korolev

Each window is a range, not a single day. Earlier in the range buys you a longer season; later in it buys you a safer one.

Start indoors

22 Mar - 12 Apr

Six weeks before your last frost, under cover or on a windowsill.

Sow direct

17 May - 7 Jun

Two weeks after your last frost.

Sow direct

24 Apr - 15 May

Held back until the soil is warm enough for this crop. The frost date on its own would say 19 Apr, which is too cold for it to start.

Harvest

1 Aug - 30 Nov

Sow in succession. A single sowing gives you a single glut. Sow a short row every 21 days through the window above and you get a steady supply instead.
Frost tolerance
Hardy
Damaged below
-6°C (21.2°F)
Days to maturity
80–100
Min soil temp
7°C (44.6°F)
Spacing
30 cm
Sowing depth
6 mm (0.2 in)
Sun
Full

Endive through the year

Against the frost risk in Korolev

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Frost risk Start indoors Autumn sowing Sow direct Plant out Harvest Today

Why these dates

Sow from two weeks after the last frost through midsummer for autumn heads. Early sowings bolt, so this is one to hold back rather than rush.

Hardy to about -6C, and blanching heads under a pot also shelters them from the first frosts.

Seed packets and extension guides express timing as weeks either side of the last spring frost, because that is the only reference point that travels. Endive are timed from 6 weeks before that frost for an indoor start, with planting out 2 weeks before it, and this page simply resolves those offsets against the frost date computed for Korolev.

With one correction, which is the note at the top of the page: the offset alone would put this crop in soil that is still too cold for it. Where the frost date and the soil temperature disagree, the dates here follow the soil, because a seed in cold ground either rots or waits, and a sowing made a fortnight later usually overtakes it.

The median frost-free season here is 157 days, against 80 to 100 days to maturity for this crop counted from sowing. That margin is what decides whether a late sowing is worth attempting.

See every crop timed for Korolev →

Growing endive in Korolev

When should I plant endive in Korolev?

Aim for 24 Apr - 15 May in an average year. If you would rather not gamble on the weather, wait until 4-25 May - by then frost has finished in nine years out of ten.

Can I plant endive earlier in Korolev?

Frost is finished by about 19 Apr, but the soil is still too cold. Endive will not start until it reaches 7°C (44.6°F), and here that is around 24 Apr. Going in earlier usually means seed that rots or transplants that sit and sulk, and a later sowing catches them up.

When will endive be ready to harvest in Korolev?

Expect to start picking around 1 Aug - 30 Nov, based on 80 to 100 days to maturity from the planting date calculated for this location.

How much frost will endive tolerate?

Hardy to about -6C, and blanching heads under a pot also shelters them from the first frosts.