Safe to Plant

Tula, Tula Oblast, Russia

Frost dates for Tula

The full distribution rather than a single date. Every figure below is a percentile of 30 years of daily minimum temperatures at this location, expressed as the date it fell on.

Median last spring frost

3 May

Half of years are later than this. Not a planting date.

Median first autumn frost

7 October

The far end of the outdoor season.

Frost-free season

157 days

Between those two dates in a median year.

Last and first frost by severity

Read a row as: in this fraction of years, the last frost of spring had already happened by this date. The 90% column is the cautious planting date; the 10% column is the gamble.

Light frost — nights at or below 0°C (32°F). Air temperature reaches freezing. Kills basil, beans and unhardened tomatoes; hardy crops shrug it off.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 24 Apr 3 May 18 May 15 Apr 24 May
First of autumn 23 Sep 7 Oct 19 Oct 5 Sep 27 Oct
Frost-free days 178 157 128 every year on record saw this
Moderate frost — nights at or below -2.2°C (28°F). Damages half-hardy plants and most blossom. This is the threshold that decides a fruit crop.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 10 Apr 25 Apr 10 May 4 Apr 18 May
First of autumn 3 Oct 15 Oct 27 Oct 24 Sep 10 Nov
Frost-free days 200 174 146 every year on record saw this
Hard frost — nights at or below -4.4°C (24.1°F). Ground freezes and even hardy crops check their growth. Effectively the end of the outdoor year.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 28 Mar 6 Apr 20 Apr 19 Mar 3 May
First of autumn 5 Oct 29 Oct 12 Nov 30 Sep 23 Nov
Frost-free days 229 207 168 every year on record saw this

Dates in the southern hemisphere are computed on a growing year that starts in July, which is why "last of spring" falls where it should rather than in the middle of the calendar.

Chance of frost, week by week

Jan Mar Apr Jul Sep Oct Dec
Chance of at least one air frost during each week of the year, measured across the full record. The flat stretch in the middle is your frost-free season.

Temperature through the year

J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D

Mean monthly temperature across the record. Months shown in blue average at least one air frost.

Monthly means and average number of frost nights.
Month Mean low Mean high Frost nights
January -13.6°C -7.3°C 30.9
February -12.6°C -5.2°C 28.1
March -7.6°C -0.2°C 29.4
April 0.5°C 10.3°C 14.8
May 7°C 17.7°C 2
June 11.6°C 21.3°C 0
July 14.1°C 23.5°C 0
August 12.6°C 22.6°C 0
September 7.3°C 16.7°C 1
October 1.6°C 9°C 11.6
November -4.4°C 0.6°C 24.3
December -10.4°C -5°C 29.9

Turn these dates into a planting calendar →